15 Desember 2011

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Rahasia Mantra Sihir Harry Potter

Wingardium Leviosa! Expelliarmus! Alohomora! Ingin tau apa arti sebenarnya dari mantra-mantra sihir di dunia Harry Potter?

harryPotter_Gobletcover

Para Harry Potter freaks pasti udah tau apa yang akan terjadi kalo kita mengacungkan tongkat sihir sambil berseru, “Avada Kedavra!”. Atau mantra apa yang harus diucapkan kalo kita pengen membuka pintu yang terkunci (”Alohomora!”).

Tapi pernah kepikiran nggak sih, kalo J.K. Rowling, pencipta Harry Potter, ternyata nggak asal bikin mantra aja? Semua mantra sihir yang digunakan di Hogwarts ternyata ada origin alias asal usulnya, yang rata-rata berasal dari bahasa Latin.

Accio

Mantra ini digunakan untuk memanggil barang. “Accio gelas”, dan gelas pun akan terbang ke arahmu. Dan seterusnya. Kata ‘Accio’ ternyata berasal dari bahasa Latin yang artinya ‘Aku memanggil.’

Avada Kedavra

Mantra paling jahat yang bisa membunuh lawan. Orang tua Harry Potter tewas akibat mantra ini. Dalam bahasa Aramaic, ‘Avada Kedavra’ berarti ‘I will destroy as I speak’. Bunyinya mirip dengan ‘Abracadabra’, yang merupakan mantra kuno dari abad kedua yang sering dipakai untuk memanggil roh halus dan meminta perlindungan.

Crucio

Ini juga mantra jahat yang biasa dipakai untuk menyiksa. Dalam bahasa Latin, ‘crucio’ artinya ’saya menyiksa’.

Expecto Patronum

Mantra penghasil patronus, satu-satunya makhluk yang bisa mengusir Dementor. Lagi-lagi mantra ini diambil dari bahasa Latin yaitu ‘expecto’ yang artinya ‘menunggu/berharap’, dan ‘patronus’ yang artinya ‘pelindung’. Jadi kurang lebih expecto patronum itu artinya ‘menunggu datangnya pelindung’.

Expelliarmus

Ini nih mantra andalan Harry Potter saat bertempur. Fungsinya adalah untuk melepaskan tongkat sihir dari tangan musuh. Diambil dari bahasa Latin ‘expellere’ yang artinya ‘mengeluarkan atau melepaskan’, dan ‘arma’ yang artinya ’senjata.’

Impedimenta

‘Impedimenta’ dalam bahasa Latin artinya ‘halangan’. Mantra ini biasa dipakai untuk membuat rintangan demi memperlambat pergerakan musuh.

Lumos

‘Lumos’ artinya ‘cahaya’. Mantra inilah yang dipakai kalo mau membuat ujung tongkat sihir kita menyala layaknya lilin.

Rictusempra

‘Sempra’ berasal dari kata ’sempre’ yang artinya ’selalu’, sedangkan ‘rictum’ artinya mulut atau rahang yang terbuka. Rictusempra ini dipakai untuk membuat musuh jadi terus menerus tertawa.

Sectumsempra

Ini justru kebalikan dari rictusempra. Efeknya bukan ketawa, tapi luka-luka, karena dalam bahasa Latin, ’sectum’ artinya ‘melukai atau mencederai’.

Stupefy

Ini juga salah satu mantra yang sering digunakan saat perang, soalnya efeknya nggak melukai. Cuma bikin bingung dan linglung aja. Wajar sih, soalnya dalam bahasa Inggris, ’stupefy’ artinya ‘linglung’.

Wingardium Leviosa

Ini adalah salah satu mantra yang diajarkan pada murid-murid Hogwarts di tahun pertama. Fungsinya untuk membuat sebuah benda jadi terangkat mengambang di udara. Asal katanya adalah gabungan dari bahasa Inggris dan Latin.

Wingardium berasal dari kata wing (bahasa Inggris) yang artinya sayap, dan arduus (bahasa Latin) yang artinya langit. Sedangkan leviosa berasal dari bahasa Latin, levare, yang artinya mengangkat atau mengambil.

sumber: http://juandry.blogspot.com/2010/02/rahasia-mantra-sihir-harry-potter.html

Barang-barang yang dijual di pasar Thailand

sumber: http://unic77.blogspot.com/2010/02/mengintip-pasar-pagi-di-thailand.html

Benito Juarez (4 ft 6″)

World’s shortest politician was the former Mexican President Benito Juarez. His parents died when he was 3 year old. Benito had to live a hard life; he worked and studied at the same time. Gained law degree in 1843 and became a lawyer. His success continued, he was appointed as a judge in 1841 and governor of the state of Oaxaca from 1847. He served five terms as Mexican president from January 19, 1858 – July 18, 1872 for 14 long years.

Robert Reich (4 ft 5.11″)

He was born in 1946; earn Economic degree from Oxford University. Robert Reich is a professor, a journalist and also working as member of the President-elect’s economic transition advisory board. He also host shows on different US television networks. His short height was never a obstacle in his success, The Wall Street Journal placed him among America’s Top Ten Business Thinkers. He wrote 13 books

Daniel Deniehy (5 ft)

Third shortest politician was born in Sydney, Australia. He studied in Sydney and went to England to finish his studies. Daniel perused his law practice in different cities from 1854 to 1865 meanwhile he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1857. He died in young age due to extreme use of alcohol.

Victor Emmanuel III of Italy (5 ft 1″)

5th shortest politician was born on 11 November 1869 in Naples, Italy. On 29 July 1900, at the age of 30, Vittorio Emanuele ascended the throne upon his father’s assassination and became Vittorio Emanuele III of Italy. He also crown himself The King of Albania (when Albania was invaded by Italian forces in 1939) and Emperor of Ethopia (from 1936 – 1941). The little king died in Egyptian city of Alexandria

James Madison (5 ft 4″)

James Madison was born in Port Conway, Virginia on 16 March, 1751. He served as fourth US president from 1809–1817. Likewise Benito Juarez, Madison also studied law but he never gained admission to the bar. James Madison has great services for his country. He was among founding father then later focus on writing the US Condition. Twice he represented Virginia in U.S. House of Representatives (from 4, 1789 – March 3, 1793 and March 4, 1793 – March 3, 1797); he also served in US Congress

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Periksa WC anda, jangan-jangan jadi sarang Ular

While I am not a gun owner, I still find it interesting that guns remain today the most common weapon used by military and civilians alike. During their long history, no one has come up with a suitable and as-popular alternative (such as a ray gun). This list looks at ten of the greatest firearms in history – and in the bonus section poses a question.

MG-42

“Hitler’s Buzzsaw,” invented in 1942, is infamous around the world as the weapon used at Omaha Beach to mow Americans down, but it was used in Russia to much more brutal effect. It fired 1,200 rounds of 8mm rifle ammunition per minute, which is sufficient to cut a man in half. It was air-cooled, and could melt its barrel if fired non-stop for 5 minutes.
That’s why the Germans had several barrel at hand, and could change to a new one in only 60 seconds.

Glock Handgun

The Glock is the ultimate in modern reliability. You can pour sand down the barrel and it will shoot. It will shoot underwater. It is commonly used in 9mm, but is chambered for .40 Sig and .45 ACP among others. It is the standard law enforcement sidearm today and will continue to be for a long time. It almost never jams, is waterproof, mostly plastic.

303 Lee-Enfield

The British equivalent of the German Mauser has one trump on it, a 10 round magazine, compared to 8. The British adopted it into the army in 1895 and used it exclusively until 1957. Soldiers were drilled until they could perform “the mad minute,” firing 30 rounds in 60 seconds and hitting 30 targets. This required reloading twice, and working the bolt back and forth in less than half a second.
The rifle is accurate to 1,000 yards with open sights, and served in India (notoriously used against unarmed civilians), the Boer War, both World Wars, and many others.

.50 M2HB “Ma Deuce” BMG

The Browning Machine Gun is chambered for the most awe-inspiring shoulder-fired cartridge to date. It is designed with one thing in mind: power tends to corrupt; absolute power is kinda sweet. The 800 grain powder load has 14,895 foot-pounds of energy at the muzzle, which is enough to put a full metal jacketed round through three approaching vehicles. It has shot down helicopters with one round.
Now imagine a belt-fed machine gun spewing a curtain of these rounds at you at 1,200 rounds per minute. Special Sabot rounds can go clean through tanks.

Smith and Wesson Model 29 .44 Magnum Revolver

Made famous by Dirty Harry in 1971, it was invented in 1955, and is still thought of as one of the most powerful handguns in the world, though it has been eclipsed by the .500 magnum, the Desert Eagle .50 AE, the .454 Casull and a few others.
But what those other hand cannons lack is controlability and comparatively low cost. The .44 Magnum will still run you at least $800 new, which is a lot for a revolver, but very cheap compared to other magnums. You will not break your wrist shooting it, and yet it can drop Cape Buffaloes and Polar Bears. If I may be afforded one bad joke, it will make your day. Provided that you feel lucky. Punk.

The Mauser Model 1893 Bolt Action Rifle

The bolt action had been kicking around since at least 1824, when Paul Mauser and Co. patented the 1893 version in 7mm. It has become the benchmark, on which all bolt action rifles are based, and against which all are compared. There are three primary bolt action systems: the Lee-Enfield, the Mauser, and the Mosin-Nagant.
Of the three, the Mauser system is by far the most widespread, the most reliable, and the most battle-proven rifle mechanism the world has ever seen. The 1893 Mauser was the first, and original models still operate perfectly.

Colt Single Action Army Revolver

Colt Model 1873 Single Action Army Cavalry Revolver 44

The icon of the Old West, the Colt .45 revolver was invented in 1873 and immediately caught on as extraordinarily accurate at close range, compared to the ball and cap conversions popular at the time. Its caliber was sufficient to flip a charging man backward off his feet. It can be used today to hunt deer and black bears. The larger powder loads can take down grizzly bears.
It’s as famous as the gun of Wyatt Earp, among other Old West celebrities.

Henry Repeating Rifle

The granddaddy of all lever-action firearms. Benjamin Tyler Henry invented it in 1860, but neither the Union nor Confederacy wanted much to do with it, as they were afraid their soldiers would fire too quickly and waste ammunition. If I may use a cliched joke, “military intelligence.” Thank you.
It fired a revolutionary, self-contained cartridge in .44 caliber, with 568 foot-pounds of stopping power, more than enough to put a man down. It held 16 rounds in a tube magazine, and a good man could fire 28 rounds per minute, so much better than 3 per minute with a muzzle-loading percussion cap musket, that if either side had adopted the rifle as standard for infantry, that side would certainly have won.

AK-47

Accurate enough to do the job out to about 400 yards, which is all anyone usually needs in a battle, the AK-47 is the ultimate pinnacle in rugged reliability. It will not break down under fire unless something catastrophic happens to it. You can drive a tank over it, throw it against a wall, submerge it in sand, water, mud, and every time it will go right on firing when you pull the trigger.
I know a Vietnam veteran who was walking through triple canopy jungle one day in 1966, came across an abandoned AK-47, and couldn’t get the bolt to slide back. It was too corroded from the rain and weather. The wood was rotting off. But he put it butt first on the ground, stomped the action open, and it chambered a round, which he fired accurately at a tree 50 yards away. He stomped the action open again, and it chambered another round, which he fired accurately.

Colt 1911 .45 ACP

Every bit as rugged and reliable as the AK-47, this handgun was invented by John Browning for the Colt Company, in 1911, as a sidearm for American soldiers. It immediately proved itself a world beater in WWI, again in WWII, and has been a cornerstone of the American military ever since.
But its most impressive feat has been the ease with which even untrained civilians can fire it accurately, keep it in working order, and defend themselves ably with it. 7 + 1 rounds of fat, man-stopping power perfect for close-range self-defense. Soldiers have dragged it through swamps in the Pacific Theater of WWII, with their fingers on the trigger, then whipped it out of the muck and fired all 8 rounds accurately.
The only way to improve on it would be to make it cheaper. You’ll spend $1,000 on one.

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